Power consumption efficiency for WSN

Abstract

With the popularity of laptops, cell phones, PDAs, computing devices have become cheaper, more mobile, more distributed in daily life. It is now possible to construct a wallet size embedded system which supported with scaled down Windows or Linux operating systems. This perspective causes the emergence of wireless sensor network (WSN). WSN is a trend of the past few years and it involve in deploying a large number of small nodes. The nodes that sense environmental changes will then report the information to other nodes over flexible network architecture. Wireless sensor network had been used in various kind of field. It can enable numerous embedded computing applications. The primary domain at which the sensor is deployed is environmental observation, military observation, building observation and healthcare. One of the examples is that the traffic light will automatically change the colour when there is no transport on certain junction to prevent from jam at one junction and empty at another junction. Since the sensor nodes are powered by the batteries with limited capacity, saving energy become one of the main issue. If the batteries must be replaced often, not only will lost the initial cost savings, but also many remote sensing applications may become impractical. Since the radio is the main cause of power consumption in sensor node, transmission and reception of data should be limited as much as possible. This is to prevent from the rubbish data being send and to prolong the time life of the batteries so that the accurate data can be sent in time and in useful manner. This document will explain the introduction, literature review, methodology, system design, experimental result and conclusion about the power consumption efficiency in wireless sensor network.